In the PCB assembly (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) processing, ensuring product quality is the key to the success of an enterprise. With the development of technology, automatic optical inspection (AOI) has become an important tool to improve production quality. AOI inspection plays a vital role in printed circuit board assembly processing, helping factories to ensure product quality at different stages. Through efficient and accurate automated inspection, PCB board assembly factories can not only detect and solve quality problems in production in a timely manner, but also promote continuous improvement through data analysis. With the continuous advancement of technology, AOI inspection will play a more important role in future PCB board fabrication processing, helping enterprises to remain invincible in the fiercely competitive market.